- Print Awareness
- Phonological Awareness
- Phonics and Word Recognition
- Fluency
- Vocabulary
- Comprehension
- Writing
Print Awareness
Print Awareness
Print Awareness is a child's earliest understanding that written language carries meaning. The foundation of all other literacy learning builds upon this knowledge.
Print awareness refers to a child's understanding of the nature and uses of print. A child's print awareness is closely associated with his or her word awareness or the ability to recognize words as distinct elements of oral and written communication.
- Book Awareness (Cover, how to hold, turn pages, left to right etc.)
- Relationship between words and print
- Relationship between spoken language and written words
- Word boundaries
Blending and Segmenting Words Awareness Routine
Phonological Awareness
Phonological Awareness
Phonological Awareness is the ability to recognize that words are made up of a variety of sound units.
Phonological awareness provides the foundation for phonics learning. One part of phonological awareness is phonemic awareness. Phonemic awareness is a strong predictor of a child's later success in reading.
- Blending and Segmenting Syllables
- Blending Onset Rime
- Isolating First Sounds
- Blending and Segmenting Phonemes
- Manipulating Phonemes
Blending and Segmenting Syllable Routine
Blending Onset Rime Routine
First Sound Routine
Blending and Segmenting Phonemes
Manipulating Phonemes
Phonics and Word Recognition
Phonics and Word Recognition
Phonics • Sight Words
"Phonics and Word Recognition" includes teaching students phonics and sight words.
The ability to access text allows students to read accurately in order to make meaning from what they read.
The ability to access text allows students to read accurately in order to make meaning from what they read.
Readers and writers can focus their attention on meaning making when we teach them to:
- Quickly and accurately recognize words and their meanings in text
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Quickly and accurately produce words in writing
- Phonics
- Sight Words
Letter-a-Day Routine
Blending Routine
Sight Word Routine
Challenge Word Spelling Routine
Fluency
Fluency
Accuracy • Rate • Expression • Understanding
Fluency is the ability to read with appropriate rate, accuracy, and expression to understand text.
Fluency is an indicator of comprehension. Poor fluency is correlated with weak comprehension.
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Accuracy
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Expression/Phrasing
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Rate
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Fluency-building Strategies
Fluency Strategies
Vocabulary
Vocabulary
Definition • Concept • Context
Vocabulary instruction helps students access text by creating knowledge of words and word meanings. Tier 1 words are common, basic words. Tier 2 words are sophisticated synonyms. Tier 3 words are specialized terms, specific to a content area.
Insufficient vocabulary is a primary cause of academic failure in 3rd - 12th grades (Baumann and Kameenui, 1991; Stanovich, 1986; Becker, 1977). Teaching students 350 - 400 words each year may improve learning by as much as 10% to 30% (Stahl and Fairbanks, 1986; Beck, 2002).
- Tier 2 and 3 words
- 2 words a day/8-10 words a week
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Word Learning Strategies
- Word Play and Word Awareness
- Read Widely
Vocabulary Routine
Text Talk Lessons
Read Widely
Comprehension
Comprehension
Understand • Analyze • Transfer
Comprehension is the ability to create meaning from (understand) and analyze a single text or multiple texts.
Comprehension is defined as “intentional thinking during which meaning is constructed through interactions between text and reader” (Harris & Hodges, 1995).
Guthrie et al, 2004, 2006 and Van Keer and Verhaeghe, 2005 found that instruction using multiple strategies can create more strategic readers and increases reading comprehension.
Guthrie et al, 2004, 2006 and Van Keer and Verhaeghe, 2005 found that instruction using multiple strategies can create more strategic readers and increases reading comprehension.
Understand, Analyze, Transfer
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Text Dependent Questioning Sequence
QAR: Question/Answer Relationship
Close Reading Routine
Informational Text Structure Strategies
CEI: Claim/Evidence/Interpretation Strategy
Comparing Literature
Writing
Writing
Knowledge • Communication • Product • Language
Ability to organize thinking and communicate ideas, opinions, feelings, and knowledge in written form.
0% of students in grades 4-12 are low-achieving writers (Persky et al, 2003). Teaching...strategies for planning, revising, and editing their compositions has shown a dramatic effect on the quality of students' writing.
Writing to Learn and Learning to Write
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Knowledge/Thinking
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Communication
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Product (informative, opinion, narrative)
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Language
Modeled Writing Stop, Think, and Write Techniques
Informative Writing Challenge Word Spelling Strategy
Opinion Writing Just Ask It! Revision Strategy
Narrative Writing Mentor Text Routine